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Solve a triangle from any valid combination of sides and angles — SSS, SAS, ASA, AAS, or SSA.

Compute the five classic training heart-rate zones from your estimated max heart rate so you can target the right intensity for each workout.

Determines the partition coefficient P (and its logarithm log P) of a solute distributed between two immiscible solvents such as 1-octanol and water: P = c_oct / c_water.

Compute the temperature change of a real gas during an isenthalpic (Joule-Thomson) throttling expansion: ΔT = μ_JT × ΔP, where μ_JT is the gas-specific Joule-Thomson coefficient (positive at typical conditions for most gases below their inversion temperature, so they cool on expansion; negative for H₂ and He at room T, so they heat up).

Compute LDL-cholesterol via the Martin-Hopkins equation, which uses an adjustable TG:VLDL ratio (≈ 5.0 - 6.5) instead of the fixed 5 of Friedewald. Particularly more accurate for TG ≥ 200 mg/dL or LDL < 70. Simplified average factor (default 6) used here; for more granular factor tables, see the Martin-Hopkins 180-cell publication.

Calculates effort force E = Load/MA = Load × d_load/d_effort using the lever principle. Shows mechanical advantage, velocity ratio, and distinguishes 1st, 2nd, 3rd class levers.

Paste a list of numbers to get mean, median, mode, range, and standard deviation instantly.

Calculates the coefficient of performance (COP) of an ideal Carnot refrigerator from cold and hot reservoir temperatures in kelvin.

Calculates remaining caffeine in the body over time using a 5.7-hour average half-life (first-order elimination kinetics).

Calculates osmotic pressure using the van't Hoff equation Π = i·M·R·T, where i is the van't Hoff factor (1 for non-electrolytes), M is molarity, R = 0.08206 L·atm/(mol·K), and T is temperature.